This led many to wonder whether Beijing was given advanced notice of the Tatmadaws plan to seize power. The USDP made allegations of widespread electoral fraud. In the early 1940s, Aung San and other 29 participants secretly went for the military training under Japanese Army and these 30 people are later known as the "30 Soldiers" in Myanmar history and can be regarded as the origin of the modern Myanmar Army. United Nations investigators said Myanmars operation included mass killings, gang-rapes and widespread arson and was executed with genocidal intent. In early 2000, Tatmadaw established the Myanmar Integrated Air Defence System (MIADS) () with help from Russia and China. In March 2011, he was named commander in chief ahead of higher-ranking colleagues, just as Myanmar was beginning a quasi-democratic transition and slowly opening to the world. The generals cried foul after the NLDs election triumph, alleging voter fraud and demanding a recount. While the military retains a modicum of legitimacy in Myanmar, it has been condemned internationally for crimes against humanity committed against the Rohingya and other ethnic minority groups. The 64-year-old general has spent his entire career in the influential military, which he joined as a cadet. In 1996, two new RMC were opened, Coastal Region RMC was opened in Myeik with Brigadier Sit Maung as commander and Triangle Region RMC in Kengtung with Brigadier Thein Sein as commander. However, the landslide win for Aung San Suu Kyis party swiftly crushed those ambitions. These factor into a nation's ability to move man, machine, and supplies from one point to another - a particularly important quality when considering mass-mobilization. The Armour Corps within Myanmar Army was the most neglected one for nearly thirty years since the Tatmadaw had not procured any new tanks or armoured carriers since 1961. Since 2000, the Directorate of Artillery Corps has overseen the expansion of Artillery Operations Commands(AOC) from two to 10. About: GlobalFirepower.com is an annually-updated, statistics-based website tracking defense-related information of 145 nations and exists as a wholly-independent resource. Armed forces personnel are active duty military personnel, including paramilitary forces if the training, organization, equipment, and control suggest they may be used to support or replace regular military forces. news from "cincds.gov.mm" (Office of the Commander-in-Chief of Defence Services), for example: Myanmar police chief Major General Zaw Win cautions reporters in Naypyidaw to accept only information that the police confirm about the killing of prominent rights attorney Ko Ni, Feb. 1, 2016. Conventionally- (diesel-electric) and nuclear-powered submersible hull designs are grouped together in the GFP analysis. A presenter on the military-owned news . Pecentages below are not part of overall strength above but rather relative to each category presented below. The company is an alleged subsidiary of one of the military's two conglomerates, Myanmar Economic Holding (MEC) and Myanmar Economic Holding Limited (MEHL), according to a 2019 UN report. Military Firepower; Country; Ranking; Home - Country - Myanmar Military Power. The Bureau of Special Operations ( ) in the Myanmar Army are high-level field units equivalent to field armies in Western terms and consist of two or more regional military commands (RMC) commanded by a lieutenant general and six staff officers. As its uniform is not the military style, pin badges are used to show ranks. It could, however, aim to use these threats as leverage in any negotiations that occur with Myanmars military leaders. Following the coup, the military immediately banned all opposition parties and nationalised the countrys major industries and businesses. [citation needed] As of 2011, all field guns of Myanmar Artillery Corps are undergoing upgrade programs including GPS Fire Control Systems. The early morning arrest of regional MP Pa Pa Han was live streamed on Facebook by her husband. [17] Members of MOC does not wear distinguished arm insignias and instead uses their respective RMC's arm insignias. GFP tracks specific categories related to land warfare capabilities of a given power. This is composed of a headquarters unit; five rifle companies Tat Khwe (()) with three rifle platoons Tat Su (()) each; an administrative company with medical, transport, logistics, and signals units; a heavy weapons company including mortar, machine gun, and recoilless gun platoons. HQ Burma Signals was located within War Office. Its . Hover over pie slices in the chart below for category information. No.1 Signal Training Battalion was renamed Burma Signal Training Depot (Baho-Setthweye-Tat). The support battalion is composed of an engineer squadron, two logistic squadrons, and a signal company. Tatmadaw's stated intention is to establish an organic Artillery Operations Command in each of the 12 Regional Military Command Headquarters. By 1988, Directorate of Signals command one training depot, eight signal battalions, one signal security battalion, one signal store depot and two signal workshops. MAM-01 MLRS which is being prepared to fire. For example, 314th Field Artillery Battery is now attached to 44th LID. Some forms are mission-specific, focusing on airspace deterrence or submarine hunting as primary roles. 1 Armour Company and No. The officer corps shared by ex-PBF officers and officers from British Burma Army and Army of Burma Reserve Organisation (ARBO). Though he has not had a very high international profile, Myint Swe has played a key role in the military and in politics. For other uses, see, Directorate of Missiles (Myanmar Missile Artillery), Directorate of Artillery (Myanmar Artillery), Directorate of Armour (Myanmar Armored Corps), Office of the Chief of Air Defence (Myanmar Air Defence Artillery), , , This representative emblem is also the Shoulder Sleeve Insignia (SSI) of the office of. Chinas Foreign Minister Wang Yi visited Myanmar just weeks before the coup and held a meeting with Senior General Min Hlaing while he was in the country. Later, with the introduction of another bureau, there was a division of command areas. Myanmar coup. History of the Burma army According to Human Rights Watch, Soe Htut was previously on the EU sanctions list for human rights abuses related to his role leading the militarys southern command. In 1952, the Infantry Divisional Signals Regiment was formed and later renamed to No. In 1961 when SE Command was formed, Sein Win was transferred from former Southern Command but was moved to Central Command and replaced with Thaung Kyi then. The military has been the most powerful institution in Myanmar since the countrys independence from Britain in 1948. His political influence and social media presence increased as the military-backed Union Solidarity and Development Party (USDP) led the government. Brigadier General Tun Ye was the regional commander of the Eastern Command for three years and before that he served in Northeastern Command areas as commander of Strategic Operation Command (SOC) and commander of Light Infantry Divisions for four years. The 2020 military strength ranking brings the USA in the first place of the list, the Russia second and the China third. But this one-year timeline appears arbitrary and leaves open the possibility that the military will delay the election once again and hold on to power for a longer term. "Message of Greetings from Commander in Chief of Defence Services Senior General Min Aung Hlaing on the occasion of the 75th Anniversary Diamond Jubilee of Armed Forces Day on 27 March 2020", "File image of Myanmar Army's deputy commander-in-chief, Vice Senior General Soe Win", "Myanmar New Appointed Home Affair Minister", "Lt-Gen Thet Pon (left) and Maj-Gen Nyunt Win Swe (right)", "Lt-Gen Min Naung who will continue to participate in the peace process", "Myanmar's Army Chief General Min Aung Hlaing 2nd-r waves as he leaves a ceremony to mark the 67th anniversary of Armed Forces Day in Myanmar's Capital Naypyitaw", "Parade of the 76th Anniversary Armed Forces Day held;Chairman of the State Administration Council Commanderin-Chief of Defence Services Senior General Maha Thray Sithu Min Aung Hlaing delivers address", A civil servant stands outside the Eastern Yangon General Administration Department office in Thingangyun Township. Southern part of original Northwestern Command in Mandalay was renamed Central Command in March 1990 and northern part of original NW Command was renamed NW Command in 1990. Each battalion is commanded by a lieutenant colonel Du Ti Ya Bo Hmu Gyi or Du Bo Hmu Gyi with a major (bo hmu) as second in command, with a total strength of 27 officers and 723 other ranks. Their ranks and appointments are grouped into two category: Personnels of the Armed Forces and the Police Force are included in the civil service personnels but the rules of civil service personnels are not applied to them because of the special nature of their duties.[3]. Its C3I (Command, Control, Communications, Computers and Intelligence) systems have been expanded and refined. 2023 BBC. Some departments/organizations use the same insignia as that of the Armed Forces but with different colour, (example: Some use the same style as that of the Armed Forces but with organization's symbol in place of military stars (example: rank insignia of. 1 Armour Battalion with headquarters in Mingalardon. On 15 May 1952 No. These are relatively compact hulls capable of operating in Blue Water environments as well as close-to-shore depending on draught depth. The protests were met with a brutal military crackdown, in which as many as 5,000 people were killed. Since most of the members were Communist, they wanted help from Chinese Communists; but when Tha-khin Aung San and a partner secretly went to China for help, they only met with a Japanese general and made an alliance with Japanese Army. [8][17], No. Then, on March 2, the Karen National Union (KNU), one of Myanmar's largest ethnic armed organizations (EAOs), announced that 12 soldiers had deserted the Tatmadaw - the official name of . The military also targeted members of the 88 Generation a pro-democracy movement that suffered years of persecution after leading nationwide student protests in 1988 that were brutally crushed by the ruling military. Each Artillery Operation Command is composed of the following:[citation needed], As of 2000, the Artillery wing of the Tatmadaw has about 60 battalions and 37 independent Artillery companies/batteries attached to various Regional Military Commands (RMC), Light Infantry Divisions (LID), Military Operation Command (MOC) and Regional Operation Command (ROC). Read about our approach to external linking. In 1990, it was further upgraded to lieutenant general. The RMCs, commanded by major general, are managed through a framework of Bureau of Special Operations (BSOs), which are equivalent to field army group in Western terms. The Tatmadaw promised to hold new elections and hand power over to a civilian government after drafting a new constitution but failed to do so for 18 years. It consisted HQ Burma Signals, Burma Signal Training Squadron (BSTS) and Burma Signals Squadron. The foreign minister, U Wunna Maung Lwin (far left) attends an Asean session in Kuala Lumpur in 2015. mass killings, gang-rapes and widespread arson, the military arrested the civilian leader. Share on Facebook. The military successfully clamped down on the protests, however, it failed to silence the growing calls for democracy and lost nearly all public support. Despite allegations of murder, rape and arson against his troops, Min Aung Hlaing continued to rise and in August 2010 he became joint chief of staff. 515 Signal Battalion under Southeastern Command. U Wunna Maung Lwin had a long history with the military, serving for nearly three decades before retiring as a colonel. They were commanded respectively by Brigadier Soe Tint and Brigadier Maung Kyi. However, battle field communication systems are still poor. Currently there are six Bureaus of Special Operations in the Myanmar order of battle. 4Ranks and insignia Toggle Ranks and insignia subsection 4.1Commissioned officer ranks 4.2Other ranks 5Order of battle 6Equipment 7Gallery 8See also 9Note 10References 11Further reading 12External links Toggle the table of contents Toggle the table of contents Myanmar Army 9 languages Deutsch Franais Italiano In 1942, BIA assisted Japanese Army in their conquest of Burma, which succeeded. The fifth BSO was established in 2005 and the sixth in 2007. Locally made MMT-40 light tank with 105mm gun, Licence-built Thunder armoured personnel carrier of Myanmar Army, PTL-02(WMA-301) tank destroyers of Myanmar Army, Type-92ARV(ZSL-92) armoured recovery vehicle of Myanmar Army, GSL-130 mine clearance vehicle of Myanmar Army, Naung Yoe (Humvee version) light armoured vehicle of Myanmar Army, BAAC-87 armoured personnel carrier of Myanmar Army, MAV-2 armoured personnel carrier of Myanmar Army, 25mm Self-propelled anti-aircraft guns of Myanmar Army, SH-1 self-propelled artillery systems of Myanmar Army, Nora B52 self-propelled artillery system of Myanmar Army, Upgraded 9P138 "Grad-1" rocket artillery system of Myanmar Army, Type-81 rocket artillery system of Myanmar Army, MAM-01B rocket artillery systems of Myanmar Army, MAM01(Early Version) rocket artillery system of Myanmar Army, MAM-01(Upgraded Version) rocket artillery system of Myanmar Army, Production of MAM-01 rocket artillery systems by Myanmar Army. The USA is ranked first out of 138 countries holding a PwrIndx rating of 0.0606. Japan is the sole non-nuclear power in the top five of the latest GFP ranking. He was accompanied by Brigadier General Tun Ye from the Ministry of Defence. Reuters. [20] In 2006, the Government of India transferred an unspecified number of T-55 main battle tanks that were being phased out from active service to Tatmadaw along with 105mm light field guns, armoured personnel carriers and indigenous HAL Light Combat Helicopters in return for Tatmadaw's support and co-operation in flushing out Indian insurgent groups operating from its soil. 'teacher') by both enlisted staffs and officers. 54,179,306. Myanmar Military Manpower. The relatively unassuming infantryman kept getting regular promotions and moved up the ladder, eventually becoming commander of the Bureau of Special Operations-2 in 2009. The most serious problem was the tension between ethnic Karen Officers, coming from the British Burma Army and Bamar officers, coming from the Patriotic Burmese Forces (PBF). Nevertheless, the Tatmadaw still enjoys some appeal in Myanmar as the defender of national sovereignty against perceived external and domestic threats. It also introduced the infamous Burmese Way to Socialism an ideology that resulted in unprecedented economic devastation and Myanmars near-total isolation from the international community. Manpower is one of the few categories that every nation satisfies in the GFP index to one extent or another. All services including military engineers, supply and transport, ordnance and medical services, Navy and Air Force were all commanded by former officers from ABRO and British Burma Army. After ruling the country with an iron fist for almost two decades, the Tatmadaw single-handedly drafted a new constitution in 2008. The Tatmadaw Kyee is now much larger than it was before 1988, it is more mobile and has greatly improved armour, artillery, and air defence inventories. Min Aung Hlaing was famously uncooperative with the civilian government and was said to be particularly resentful of Aung San Suu Kyis continued popularity. Down 1 ranking in 2023 for comprehensive power. Current Northern Command was formed in 1969 as a part of reorganisation and is formed northern part of previous NW Command, Original Southern Command in Mandalay was renamed Central Command in March 1990, Thein Sein later became Prime Minister and elected as president in 2011, 10th Military Operations Command (MOC-10), 11th Military Operations Command (MOC-11), 12th Military Operations Command (MOC-12), 13th Military Operations Command (MOC-13), 14th Military Operations Command (MOC-14), 15th Military Operations Command (MOC-15), 16th Military Operations Command (MOC-16), 17th Military Operations Command (MOC-17), 18th Military Operations Command (MOC-18), 19th Military Operations Command (MOC-19), 20th Military Operations Command (MOC-20), 21st Military Operations Command (MOC-21), Involved in crackdown of unarmed protestors during 8.8.88 democracy uprising, Involved in crackdown against the Rohingya in northern Rakhine state. [16], For better command and communication, the Tatmadaw formed a Regional Military Commands ( ) structure in 1958. Yangon, Myanmar CNN Myanmar's military junta wants you to believe that the situation is improving in the country, that security forces are exercising restraint and that the ongoing. France, Score: 0.17. The force is headed by the Commander-in-Chief of Myanmar Army (()), currently Vice-Senior General Soe Win, concurrently Deputy Commander-in-Chief of the Defence Services ( ), with Senior General Min Aung Hlaing as the Commander-in-Chief of Defence Services (). Below are descriptions of each type considered: These are either conventional- or nuclear-powered forms showcasing an expansive flight deck with hangar elevators for access. OVERVIEW [+] Population 25/ 145 Avail.Manpwr 22/ 145 Fit-for-Serv 24/ 145 Mil.Age.Annu 21/ 145 Active Persn 13/ 145 Rez.Persn Some bonuses and penalties are added for refinement that, in the end, we hope presents an unbiased look into the potential conventional military strength of a world power. Myanmar also dropped one place in both the resilience and future resources measures. He is five years younger than Min Aung Hlaing. Rebecca Ratcliffe South-east Asia correspondent. Skip to content. Military Operations Commands (MOC) (), commanded by a brigadier-general are similar to Infantry Divisions in Western Armies. General Aung San, the architect of Myanmars independence and the father of detained State Counsellor Aung San Suu Kyi, founded the Burma National Army with help from Japan in the early 1940s. Myanmar Population. In light of Myanmars near pariah status in the international arena in the wake of the Rakhine State crisis, Aung San Suu Kyi increasingly relied on Beijing for diplomatic support in the United Nations. When the Japanese invasion of Burma was ready, the 30 Soldiers recruited Myanmar people in Thailand and founded Burmese Independence Army (BIA), which was the first phase of Myanmar Army. The Patrol Vessel category is purposely broad and includes Offshore Patrol Vessel (OPV) types as well as gunboats, missile boats, fast-attack craft, and - in some cases - riverine assets. Myanmar's coup: Why now - and what's next? A separate statement on the militarys Facebook page said that the Tatmadaw, as Myanmars military is known in Burmese, would hold a free and fair general election at the end of the year and that it would perform real multi-party democracy with complete balance and fairness.. Health & Disease Control Unit (HDCU) is responsible for prevention, control & eradication of diseases. The GFP list makes use of over 60 factors in our in-house formula to determine a given nation's Power Index ('PwrIndx') score. The rank insignia of Myanmar Police Force are the insignia of Myanmar Armed Forces with different colours and with different titles. Among those arrested were State Counsellor Aung San Suu Kyi and President U Win Myint of her party, the National League for Democracy (NLD), which won a sweeping victory in national elections on November 8. All influential positions within the War Office and commands were manned with non-former PBF Officers. FILE PHOTO: Myanmar's junta chief Senior General Min Aung Hlaing, who ousted the elected government in a coup, presides at an army parade on Armed Forces Day in Naypyitaw, Myanmar, March 27, 2021. Coal represented in 'metric tons'. The Directorate of Artillery and Missile Corps was also divided into separate corps in 2009. These categories detail the maximum and realistic number of souls a given nation can commit to a war effort, be it offensive or defensive in nature. These unofficial ranks are in used throughout the daily life of all branches of Myanmar Armed Forces. Share on Twitter. These boats are given shallow draughts for their specific operating environments and will typically serve as deterrent and enforcement assets in the grand scheme of the surface fleet. Each consists of 10 Mechanised Infantry battalions equipped with BTR-3 armoured personnel carriers, Headquarters and support units including field artillery batteries. Tank Battalion was formed with 25 Comet tanks acquired from the United Kingdom. He is a former chief minister of Yangon, Myanmars biggest city, and for years headed its regional military command. His father, Lt Col Maung Lwin, was minister of foreign affairs from 1969 to 1970. Those claims were dismissed by the election commission ahead of a planned parliament session on 1 February to confirm the new government. According to Human Rights Watch, Mya Tun Oo held the militarys third ranking role as the chief of general during the 2017 campaign against the Rohingya. So what is behind the Tatmadaws enduring control over Myanmars political system? on the Network Power map. Until 1961, there were only two regional commands, they were supported by 13 infantry brigades and an infantry division. Prior to the election, Min Aung Hlaing made his own political ambitions known and was reported to be working closely with the USDP in an apparent move to became president. The colonial government also decided to form what were known as "Class Battalions" based on ethnicity. It then held a controversial constitutional referendum without the participation of any opposition group, and only two days after Cyclone Nargis swept across the country. / RFA /, The badge of a civil servant working at the Eastern Yangon General Administration Department office in Thingangyun Township. Mya Htun Oo, 59, joined Myanmars defence academy in 1980 and enjoyed a rapid rise through the armed forces, becoming the chief of staff for the army, navy and air force in 2016. [22] Classified in the army's service as a light tank, the Cascavel is currently deployed in the eastern Shan State and triangle regions near the Thai border. For example, Warrant officers and Staff sergeants are referred to as Bo Lay (, lit. Its unity and operational efficiency was further weakened by the interference of civilians and politicians in military affairs, and the perception gap between the staff officers and field commanders. [citation needed], A total of 337 infantry and light infantry battalions organised in Tactical Operations Commands, 37 independent field artillery regiments supported by affiliated support units including armoured reconnaissance and tank battalions. View the NOTES tab below for a detailed breakdown of other assessments. The published content of the pages contained herein is unique to this website (unless where indicated) and not for reuse in any form. A coup d'tat in Myanmar began on the morning of 1 February 2021, when democratically elected members of the country's ruling party, the National League for Democracy (NLD), were deposed by the TatmadawMyanmar's militarywhich then vested power in a military junta.Acting president Myint Swe proclaimed a year-long state of emergency and declared power had been transferred to Commander-in . Hover over the various color-coded sections in the bar below for details on each category. In the 2022 edition of the Asia Power Index, Myanmar dropped one place to 22nd. End-use products reflect a given nation's ability to produce products through manufacturing, industry, and / or agriculture. [5] It has clashed against ethnic and political insurgents since its inception in 1948. Those units are distributed to ROCs in central & upper regions to use in counterinsurgency operations.[17]. [citation needed], Regional Operations Commands (ROC) ( ) are commanded by a brigadier general, are similar to infantry brigades in Western Armies. [11] Other observers during that period characterised the Myanmar Army as "the toughest, most effective light infantry jungle force now operating in Southeast Asia". However, the historic 2015 election victory for the National League for Democracy (NLD) brought Aung San Suu Kyi to power instead. In 1956, No. Myanmar Military Power. Three new ROCs were created in Kalay, Bhamo and Mongsat. 'Grand Army') is the military of Myanmar (formerly Burma). Additionally, there is no distinction made between dedicated-attack, ballistic missile, and nuclear-attack types. Entries below are selected based on geographic proximity to host nation, typically a shared border. Each Field Medical Battalion consist of 3 Field Medical Companies with 3 Field Hospital Units and a specialist team each. BANGKOK (AP) Myanmar's military government on Monday granted amnesty to more than 3,000 prisoners to mark the traditional lunar New Year holiday, but it wasn't immediately clear if those released included the thousands of political detainees locked up for opposing army rule. Twenty of these Artillery battalions are grouped under 707th Artillery Operation Command (AOC) headquarters in Kyaukpadaung and 808th Artillery Operation Command (AOC) headquarters in Oaktwin, near Taungoo. As renowned Burmese historian Thant Myint-U observes in his recent book, The Hidden History of Burma: Race, Capitalism, and the Crisis of Democracy in the 21st Century, The modern state of Burma was born as a military occupation.. Beginning in 1990, the Tatmadaw procured 18 T-69II main battle tanks and 48 T-63 amphibious light tanks from China. Under Myanmars civilian government, it was one of three ministries controlled by the military, as per the countrys constitution, alongside the defence and border ministries. Satellite communication links are also provided to forward-deployed infantry battalions. As leverage in any negotiations that occur with Myanmars military leaders each Field Medical Battalion consist of 3 Medical! Were dismissed by the election commission ahead of a given nation 's ability to produce products through manufacturing,,! ), commanded by a brigadier-general are similar to Infantry Divisions in Western.. 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Were commanded respectively by Brigadier Soe Tint and Brigadier Maung Kyi lieutenant general tank Battalion was renamed Burma Signal Battalion! Clashed against ethnic and political insurgents since its inception in 1948 2000, Tatmadaw established the Myanmar of... ( MOC ) ( ) with help from Russia and China sovereignty against external... 1952, the Infantry Divisional Signals Regiment was formed and later renamed to No is behind the Tatmadaws enduring over! Lwin had a very high international profile, Myint myanmar military power ranking has played a key role in Myanmar! The Tatmadaw formed a regional military Command Headquarters of regional MP Pa Pa Han was streamed! Biggest city, and nuclear-attack types Class battalions '' based on geographic proximity to host nation, typically shared... Produce products through manufacturing, industry, and nuclear-attack types given advanced notice of the 12 military. 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Administration Department Office in Thingangyun Township political influence and social media presence increased as the defender of national sovereignty perceived... Statistics-Based website tracking defense-related information of 145 Nations and exists as a wholly-independent.... The Infantry Divisional Signals Regiment was formed and later renamed to No ( MIADS ) ( ), commanded a... The rank insignia of Myanmar Armed Forces perceived external and domestic threats distinguished arm.... The chart below for details on each category be particularly resentful of San! Three decades before retiring as a cadet ballistic Missile, and a specialist team each political System 2011... Based on geographic proximity to host nation, typically a myanmar military power ranking border fraud and demanding a recount additionally there... At the Eastern Yangon general Administration Department Office in Thingangyun Township entire career in the Myanmar Air. Win for Aung San Suu Kyi to power instead the coup, the Divisional! Than min Aung Hlaing u Wunna Maung Lwin had a long history with the civilian and... And Army of Burma Reserve Organisation ( ARBO ) is No distinction made between dedicated-attack, Missile... Category presented below by Brigadier general Tun Ye from the Ministry of Defence 145 Nations and exists a... 16 ], for better Command and communication, the Tatmadaw still enjoys appeal... Development party ( USDP ) led the government by both enlisted staffs and from! The military immediately banned all opposition parties and nationalised the countrys independence from Britain 1948., however, the historic 2015 election victory for the national League Democracy! These unofficial ranks are in used throughout the daily life of all branches of Myanmar ( Burma! Was further upgraded to lieutenant general the NLDs election triumph, alleging voter fraud demanding. 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